VGA stands for Video Graphics Adapter Card Card or also known by the end graphics card that has a function to process the image displayed to the monitor. Based on its location, divided into 2 classes VGA onboard VGA and VGA add-on. Onboard VGA and VGA is integrated / embedded on the motherboard. This uses onboard VGA main memory / RAM for VGA memory alias share processorsebagai memory and image processing. VGA add-on is a separate VGA denganmotherboard have PCI Express or AGP. Onsudah VGA Add-on has its own GPU and memory. This is often and more accurately called the video card or known to the VGA card.

History of video standards and resolutions and the number of colors:
Date
Standard
Description
Resolution
No. Color
1981
CGA
Color Graphics Adapter
640×200
160×200
None
16
1984
EGA
Enhanced Graphics Adapter
640×350
L6 64
1987
VGA
Video Graphics Array
640×480
320×200
16 262.144
256
1990
XGA
Extended Graphics Array
1024×768
18.7 million
SXGA
Super Extended Graphics Array
1280×1024
16.7 million
UXGA
Ultra XGA
1600×1200
16.7 million
The key factors VGA:
GPU (Graphic Processing Unit) or VPU (Visual Processing Unit)
GPU / VPU is a component of VGA that has a function to process the image or often referred to as the VGA chipset. There are 2 types of sellers so far kept the ATI Radeon and NVIDIA GeForce. Previously, the term is often used for GPU products from NVIDIA, while the call VPU from ATI. The latest graphics card currently has 2 GPU fruit. VGA to consider when purchasing GPU frequency is the speed of his better known by the term core clock / clock on the GPU. The higher the clock speed, the more data that can be processed.
Memory
The VGA memory is a function similar to RAM, which is to store the data before and after processed by the GPU. The higher the VGA memory property, its performance will be better.Besides the size of memory we must also see a large bus width size. It is best to select the VGA that has a bus speed and large memory as well. Currently, there are several general types of buses, 64-bits in the low-end VGA, 128-bit to incorporate, and 256-bit encryption for high-end.His memory was varied from 128 MB to 768 MB. Note also the frequency of memory (normally of DDR2 400-800MHz, type GDDR3 has a frequency of 800 MHz or faster). View support for dual channel multi-channel memory.
Slots used
Slot is used by 4 PCI VGA (suspension), AGP (suspension) PCI Express x16 and PCI Express x1 (trademark of Matrox). Each of us buying a VGA, we must know the slot is used. PCI Express slot there are 2 types, namely slot age, version 1.1 and the new version 2.0 slot. The differences affect the high-speed version.
Port that is usually seen in the graphics card
- VGA port: The port used to connect VGA to a CRT monitor.
- DVI port: the port used to connect to a VGA LCD.
- S-Video: The port used to connect VGA to TV, S-Video is used to send video signals to televisions, video cameras or other video devices, while for the video-in allows you to record video from video cameras to computers or other.
- HDMI: Digital video interface today. Having a smaller form factor and easy to install, transfer of compressed video signals without any signal of high quality and multiple audio channels to display the original video quality. HDMI supports digital DVI or HDCP.
Pipelines
Instructions for working GPU texture processing (transparency, distortion, reflections, etc.) to be the result of the pixels on the screen. A script executed in a pipeline. Recent GPU has multiple pipeline that allows working in parallel. Course will reduce processing time. In general, the more pipelines, the greater the capacity to deliver.
Pixel and Vertex Shader
Vertex shader and pixel shader working together in the rendering process to produce pixel final results. Usually working at the time of display objects in three dimensions. Both Direct3D, OpenGL, 3D API, or other scene can take advantage of both. Version of pixel shader and vertex shader is always increasing. Adapted to the specific commands that can run on the latest API.
Some examples are: Shader Model 3.0 is a combination of 2 technologies used in DirectX 9.0, ie, Pixel Shader 3.0 and Vertex Shader Model 3.0. Shader 3.0 is shader instructions allow more (65535th instruction), and allows dynamic branching. Meanwhile, Shader 2.0 is used in the version used in previous versions of DirectX. With over shading of limited length (instruction 256) and no dynamic branching support.
DirectX and OpenGL
DirectX or OpenGL is a driver that contains the Application Programming Interface (API). API is used as a link between the hardware (graphics card) and software. This API allows access to multimedia applications to maximize hardware features such as 3D graphics acceleration chips and sound card. This API also controls low-level graphics, such as accelerated 2D graphics, joystick support, keyboard and mouse, and voice control.
Energy Technology Screen
This technology was developed for low-end graphics card, middle and end, in order to obtain a sufficient quality at an affordable price. NVIDIA has developed a technology called TurboCache, while ATI develops HyperMemory technology. Both technologies have the same capabilities, ie the combination of capacity and the bandwidth of graphics memory with system memory to support dynamic allocation. However, the weakness of this technology, the system memory will be reduced and allocated to the graphics card.
Physics Cards
Fans of the game would not be lost with this card. This card allows the realism of a game to seem real. Imagine the horror of the destruction of buildings and land, causing an explosion that destroyed the successive. At the time of the GPU can not calculate all the physics calculations of the explosion, smoke, fog, etc, this is the card that helps all effects can occur without a hiccup.
Dual VGA Support
To use the dual VGA, you need to install 2 types of graphics cards motherboardyang there are 2 PCI Express x16. The parallel use of two graphics cards so that performance can be obtained from the use of this technology is doubled compared to a single GPU. Features dual VGA support is called and called crossfirepada ATI nVIDIA SLI.

There are several ways to use technology such as using a Y cable (the ITA), the bridge connector (on the ATI or nVIDIA) or activated through the software (on the ATI or nVidia).